ZENDA - February 1, 2000

From: Subject: ZENDA - February 1, 2000 Date: Thu, 8 May 2003 11:15:52 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_000E_01C31553.2F9EF000"; type="text/html" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2800.1106 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_000E_01C31553.2F9EF000 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.zindamagazine.com/html/archives/2000/zn020100.htm ZENDA - February 1, 2000 =20 Z I N D = A M A G A Z=20 I N E=20

Volume=20 V = =20 Issue 40
Shvadt 1,=20 6749 &nb= sp; &nbs= p; = ; = &= nbsp; &n= bsp; =20 February 1, 2000=20

T H I S W E E K I N Z I N = D=20 A

The=20 Lighthouse	Census 2000 Issue Revisited -Importance of a Name -Zinda = Magazine's=20 Letter to U.S. Census Bureau
Good=20 Morning Bet-Nahrain	Assyrians in Iran Celebrate Islamic=20 Revolution
News=20 Digest	ANC Not Accepted to UN Consultative = Status=20 Assyrians Protest at the Holocaust Conference = in=20 Sweden
Surfs=20 Up	"the most important person = was Dr.=20 Sargon Dadesho"
Surfers=20 Corner	APP Press Release Radiothon=20 Appeal from Australia
Assyrian=20 Surfing Posts	Nineveh Club of Sydney, Australia = The Code of Hammurabi
Literatus	An Ancient Assyrian Marriage = Contract
Bravo	Afram Rayis
Milestones	Adam Matthew = Enwiya=20 Evelyn H. = Bedig
Pump=20 Up the Volume	Biting & Barking
Back=20 to the Future	Ancient Weather Men of Bet-Nahrain & the = Urmia=20 Manifesto
This=20 Week in History	The Mosul Vilayat
Calendar=20 of Events	February 2000 - lectures in=20 London

All blue=20 links throughout this issue are hyperlinks to other sections on this = page or=20 featured websites.=20

THE LIGHTHOUSE =

CENSUS 2000 ISSUE=20 REVISITED

In the past ten days, several = Assyrian=20 organizations in California and the Assyrian Church of the East in = Arizona began=20 state-wide campaigns to overturn the U.S. Bureau of Census' 1999 = decision to=20 modify the 482 category "Assyrian" to "Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac." = The most=20 vocal proponent of this campaign, Dr. Sargon Dadesho --the head of the = Assyrian=20 National Congress and a long-time commentator on the AssyriaVision = Television=20 Program in California's Central Valley-- has obtained adequate financial = support=20 to begin legal actions against the Bureau's decision. The Census = 2000=20 tabulations will begin in March.=20

While the leaders of the = Assyrian=20 organizations in western United States were debating the outcome of = their=20 letter-writing campaigns and the TV interviews, a group of prominent=20 Assyrian-Chaldeans from Canada, Michigan, and California announced the=20 establishment of the Beth-Nahrain National Organization (BNNO). As = noted=20 in their press release (see this week's SURFERS CORNER), the purpose of = this=20 organization is to "utilize the impressive economic achievements and the = tremendous resources of our Chaldean community to what is best for our = entire=20 nation in the homeland as well as in Diaspora." The BNNO and the = Syriac=20 Universal Alliance voiced their approval for the = "Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac"=20 census designation.=20

Some observers fear that the = "No-Slashes"=20 campaign in California may alienate the Assyrian-Chaldean community in = Detroit=20 and compel their religious and civic leaders to request a separate = "Chaldean"=20 category. Despite such concerns no serious discussions or = dialogs=20 are being conducted between the Assyrian-Chaldean organizations in = Michigan and=20 California. Earlier this year the Assyrian-Chaldean Diocese in = America=20 distributed a "2000 Calendar" in which the modern Syriac language is = referred to=20 as "Chaldean" and a "Chaldean" flag appears on the last page. Mar = Aprim=20 Khamis, a Bishop of the Assyrian Church of the East, in a letter to the = Census=20 Bureau writes: "We are convinced that to corrupt the norms of history = would be=20 an insulting act: a violation of history...We are Assyrians; therefore, = we=20 request that you keep the 'Assyrian' category = separate."

Zinda Magazine=20

IMPORTANCE OF A=20 NAME

At a time of extreme anxiety and where the surviving = dispersed=20 Assyrians were trying to retrieve the old splendor of their forefathers; = when=20 this badly disrupted community was in urgent need of how to consolidate = its=20 dissipated portions into a more resurgent phenomenon, a clique of some=20 nation-mongers have so grievously ventured to desecrate the virtuous = value of=20 this nation's symbolic title "Assyria" by subjoining to it additional = terms,=20 such as "Chaldea" and "Syriac". Be it known that the Semitic race has = had=20 numerous appellations, such as "Akkadian, Babylonian, Chaldean, Aramean, = Philistenian, etc.". But, when the mighty Assyrians came into dominant = power, as=20 recorded, all the former aforementioned categories vanished into less = important=20 status, rather, they were assimilated into a final most glorious = national=20 appellation known as "Assyria".=20

The recent utilization of the words "Chaldea" and = "Syriac" came=20 into practice subsequent to a religious schism; they denote the = denominational=20 church factions formed by discordant Assyrians. Those few persons that = have so=20 brutally resolved to contaminate the term "Assyria" have acted on their = own=20 impulsion. Their insidious procedure has as of yet to be vindicated by = the=20 Assyrian masses, thus, befitting their actions they are and/or should be = ear-marked as "nation-mongers". Any unbiased Assyrian realizes that such = a=20 prejudicial procedure serves nothing by to subvert the people's = attention into=20 another interminable controversy that erodes the very structural fabric = of an=20 already shattered people.=20

Shamasha Yosip = Zaya
Chicago
January, 2000

ZINDA MAGAZINE'S = LETTER TO THE=20 U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Dr. John F. Long
Chief, = Population=20 Division
U.S. Department of Commerce =
Bureau of the Census
Washington = D.C. =20 20233-8800=20

Dear Dr. Fong,=20

Historically, the Nestorian, Chaldean, and Jacobite = Christian=20 communities of the Middle East, who speak the eastern and western = dialects of=20 the neo-Aramaic (Syriac) language, have agreed to use the unique = term=20 =93Assyrian=94 to enlighten other nationalities of their historic ties = to the=20 ancient inhabitants of Mesopotamia (Bet-Nahrain). In the = past one=20 hundred years, as delegates to international conferences the term = =93Assyrian=94 has=20 been used to represent political oneness of the Assyrians of = Nestorian,=20 Chaldean, and Jacobite faiths. Today, the national and = religious=20 leaders of these same Christian communities uphold the judgment of the = fathers=20 of Assyrian national movement in affirming common historic and = linguistic=20 heritage of all three religious denominations.=20

Our =93Assyrian=94 identity is a symbol of our past = achievements=20 and our high moral qualities. It has always demonstrated our = national=20 unity, our political stand, and our determination to take our rightful = place=20 among the nations of the world. The manifest content of such = proposition=20 may seem ideological, but the geo-political circumstances dictated by = the=20 current political forces in the Middle East attest to the viability of = this=20 progressive gesture.=20

Among the many segments of every living and evolving=20 nationality, one may find revisionists and idealists in disagreement = with the=20 volition of the majority. Such individuals, be it for = self-interest or=20 seeking the praise of a few public figures, may even succeed in = reinterpreting=20 the past history and practices of a people. Their voices must be = heard,=20 but not acted upon without first considering the will of the majority of = the=20 constituents.=20

In seeking the welfare of every religious and social = stratum of=20 the Assyrian nation and to remove the ambiguity created through lack of = coherent=20 communication, I urge you to re-consider the calamitous decision made = last year=20 by the U.S. Census Bureau to alter the recognized identity of the=20 Assyrian-American people. I ask that the 1990 classification of = the=20 category 482 be retained under the single title of =93Assyrian=94 so = that the=20 Assyrian-Chaldean, Nestorian, and Jacobite residents of these fifty = great States=20 may correctly identify their true national heritage and = ethnicity.=20

Respectfully requesting your immediate attention to = this most=20 urgent matter,=20

Wilfred Alkhas =
Zinda Magazine
Editor=20

Following are samples of the letters submitted = last week=20 from various Assyrian organizations in the United States in response to = the 1999=20 decision of the U.S. Census Bureau to modify the Census category 482 = from=20 "Assyrian" to "Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac":=20

Assyrian Universal=20 Alliance
Mar Aprim Khamis, Bishop of = Western=20 Diocese of America (Assyrian Church of the East) =
Assyrian United = Organizations of=20 California
Assyrian American Civic = Club of=20 Turlock
Assyrian Club of Urhai,=20 Modesto
Assyrian American = Association of=20 San Jose
St. John's Assyrian = Presbyterian=20 Church Response
Dr. Arian Ishaya = (University of=20 California, Santa Cruz)=20

"Importance of a Name" was courtesy of Ms. = Sheren Jasim=20 in Chicago, Illinois.=20

=20

GOOD MORNING = BET-NAHRAIN=20

ASSYRIANS IN IRAN CELEBRATE = ISLAMIC=20 REVOLUTION

(ZNDA: Tehran) = According to the=20 Islamic Republic News Agency, the Assyrian communities in Iran = have agreed=20 to participate in a ten-day ceremony marking the 21st anniversary of the = Islamic=20 Revolution. In a joint statement with other religious minorities-=20 Zoroastrians, Armenians, and the Jewish groups-- Assyrians announced on = Saturday=20 that they are "ready to participate massively in the special = ceremonies." =20 The statement also congratulated the leaders of the Islamic Revolution,=20 Ayatollah Seyed Ali Khamenei and President Mohammad Khatami. The = statement=20 read: "As the citizens of the Islamic Republic of Iran, all = minorities=20 voice their strong determination to participate in the construction of = the=20 Islamic Iran... and despite the foreigners' hostile propaganda against = Iran, the=20 Islamic Republic has always been the messenger of peace, friendship and = freedom=20 for people across the globe."=20

Today air raid sirens sounded = and trains=20 blew their whistles throughout the country, kicking off 10 =
days of commemorations. = Sirens were=20 heard at exactly 9:33 a.m., the time when the late revolutionary leader=20 Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returned from exile in France on Feb. 1, = 1979. The=20 government of the U.S.-backed Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi fell 10 days=20 later. =

Due to such public display of = satisfaction=20 with the government's treatment of the Iranian Christian minority = groups, the=20 governments of Austria and Pakistan are refusing to issue visas to the = hundreds=20 of Assyrian refugees abandoned in Vienna and Islamabad. = Discremination at=20 workplace based on one's religious beliefs and discouraging minorities = from=20 holding government and school administrative positions are among the = many types=20 of prejudices suffered by the religious minorities in = Iran.=20

=20

NEWS DIGEST=20

ANC NOT ACCEPTED TO U.N. = CONSULTATIVE=20 STATUS

(ZNDA: New = York) Last=20 Thursday, the United Nation's Committee on Non-Governmental = Organizations=20 decided to recommend that the Economic and Social Council not accept the = application of the Assyrian National Congress for consultative status. = At the=20 request of the representative of the United States, the Committee voted = on=20 Lebanon's proposal to reject the application, approving it by a vote of = 11 in=20 favor to one against (United States), with six abstentions (Bolivia, = Chile,=20 Colombia, France, Ireland, Romania).=20

The Committee is charged with = making=20 recommendations to the Economic and Social Council on which groups = should be=20 granted roster, special or general consultative status. It makes its = decisions=20 based on the criteria set out in the provisions of Council resolution = 1996/31,=20 and considers issues such as groups' capacity to contribute to the work = of the=20 Council and support the aims of the United Nations Charter, as well as = matters=20 such as membership and financial regimes.=20

When the Committee was = discussing the=20 application of the Assyrian National Congress, Lebanon's representative = said the=20 Committee should recommend rejecting the application on the grounds that = the=20 group's goals and objectives contradicted the provisions of Council = resolution=20 1996/31, as well as the Charter. It did not respect the principles of = States=20 sovereignty and territorial integrity. The Assyrian National Congress = had not=20 clarified its definitions of "minority" and "indigenous" people, despite = the=20 Committee's repeated questions. The Congress's most recent response to = the=20 Committee's questions indicated a lack of respect for the=20 Committee.=20

A letter addressed to the = Committee dated=20 23 January from the Assyrian National Congress states, in part: "No = matter how=20 many questions we answer or how many representatives we send, the = opposition to=20 our application will not go away. In such circumstances our only option = is to=20 appeal our case to the Economic and Social Council or other higher up = organs of=20 the United Nations." The letter also states that the Assyrian National = Congress=20 has for years been answering questions raised by the Committee, but has = been=20 "confronted by an orchestrated campaign carried out against our = application by=20 the 'Iraqi Observer' and few [sic] other representatives from the Arab=20 countries". The reason for that, the group writes, is that it monitors = abuses=20 against human rights, "including the linguistic and cultural rights, of = the=20 indigenous people in Iraq, where a campaign of 'ethnocide' and = 'Arabization'=20 have been carried out against the history and culture of those = indigenous=20 people".] The delegate from the United States suggested that the degree = of=20 frustration expressed in the organization's reply was a reaction to the = length=20 of time the Committee had taken to reach a decision.=20

He also felt that the Assyrian = National=20 Congress' stated intention to appeal to the Economic and Social Council = if no=20 action was taken on its request during this session was not a threat to = the=20 authority of the Committee, but might be a reflection of ignorance of = the=20 Committee's rules and procedures.=20

"Frustration and ignorance was = not an=20 excuse for a lack of respect for members and observers of the = Committee",=20 Egypt's representative said. In addition to the fact that the group was=20 promoting historical inaccuracies, he wondered why it had suggested = meeting=20 separately with members of the Committee instead of sending a = representative to=20 speak to the Committee.=20

Algeria's representative said = the Committee=20 had been trying for several years to determine what the work of the = organization=20 was. Repeated requests for clarification had been met with contradictory = responses. If the Assyrian National Congress had been serious about = dealing with=20 any of the sensitive issues that had been raised, it would have sent a=20 representative -- particularly as distance was not an = issue.=20

India's representative said the = Committee=20 had tried to have a dialogue with the group in question. But the = organization=20 had removed itself from the dialogue. It was engaged in political = activity that=20 did not respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Member=20 States.=20

Courtesy of M2 PressWire. All rights=20 reserved!=20

ASSYRIANS PROTEST at the = HOLOCAUST=20 CONFERENCE IN SWEDEN

(ZNDA: Stockholm) Last = week an=20 international conference on the Holocaust was held in Stockholm, = Sweden. =20 The purpose of this conference was to "galvanize efforts to educate = others about=20 the extermination of two-thirds of European Jewry in World War = Two." =20 The gathering came amid a number of related developments, including a = prominent=20 trial in London involving a notorious Holocaust-denier, several official = inquiries by European states into their nation's role during the = Holocaust, and=20 the possibility of a xenophobic right-wing party's entry into the ruling = coalition in Austria.=20

The Assyrian community of = Sweden, majority=20 of whom are Suryoyo-Assyrians, protested the disregard for the = occurrence of=20 other genocides in the past century- namely the 1915 massacre of the = Assyrian=20 and Armenian populations in Turkey.=20

Members of the Patriotic = Revolutionary=20 Organization of Beth-Nahrin (PROB) led the protests by handing out = newsletters=20 and pamphlets describing the 1915 Massacre or Seyfo. Bishop = Ablahad=20 Shabo of the Syrian Orthodox Church in Sweden offered the PROB members = an=20 opportunity to deliver a message during the Sunday Service and inform = the public=20 of the group's involvements at the Holocaust Conference.=20

In 1997, the Swedish government = used a=20 program called "Living History" to educate their youth on the horrors of = the=20 Shoah or the Jewish Holocaust. This successful campaign sparked = worldwide=20 interest, prompting a nine-nation task force on Holocaust education and = this=20 week's Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust. The first such = meeting=20 occurred in London in 1997, while a second encounter took place in = Washington in=20 1998. World leaders from 45 nations, including Israeli Prime Minister = Ehud=20 Barak, and leading Holocaust scholars made presentations.=20

This week in Austria, the = conservative=20 party charged with forming a government after recent elections has = agreed to=20 allow the right-wing Freedom Party, lead by controversial politician = Joerg=20 Haider, into the ruling coalition. Haider once praised Hitler's = employment=20 policies and described veterans of the Waffen SS as "men of character." = He ran a=20 populist campaign in the recent election against foreigners, raising = concerns of=20 a resurgence of anti-Semitism.=20

=20

SURF'S UP!

"In my opinion the most important event was a group of people = trying to=20 change our Assyrian name; and the most important person was Dr. Sargon = Dadesho=20 who stopped them.=20

Romina/Assyrian/Cakufirbua=20 "=20

Romina = Pourtaverdi
California
=20

"The Assyrian National Congress (ANC) with a strong support = from the=20 Assyrians around the world has filed a temporary court junction in = Fresno CA, to=20 stop the Census Bureau's decision to change the "482-489 Assyrian" = to=20 "482-489 Assyrian/Caldian/Syriac" category.=20

To support ANC's action more = than 400=20 Assyrians attended gathering in Ceres, CA U.S.A, which was televised = Live on=20 KBSV-TV 23. Also, singed petitions were collected to be presented to the = Census=20 Bureau.=20

The Assyrian community strongly = protests=20 the Census Bureau's decision without consultation from the Assyrian = masses for=20 their unilateral decision."=20

Ninous Bebla =
California=20

=20

SURFERS CORNER=20

APP PRESS = RELEASE=20
On the Occasion of the International Holocaust = Conference
Stockholm, Sweden =
January 26-28, = 2000

January 27, 2000=20

To those in the spotlight of = the=20 mainstream
From = those in the=20 dark of SILENCE and DENIAL
of genocides UNTOLD
against peoples UNTOLD
of individual human souls UNTOLD
still suffering from pasts = UNTOLD=20
still living in an present=20 UNTOLD
towards a = future of=20 sufferings
towards a future=20 of annihilation
if remaining=20 UNTOLD=20

Shlama = (Greetings),=20

The undersigned Assyrian = organisations are=20 sending greetings and best wishes to all participants of the = international=20 HOLOCAUST conference in Stockholm on January 26-28, 2000 which is = addressing a=20 topic of such overriding importance for the future development of human=20 civilisation as dealing with the holocaust and taking lessons from it to = prevent=20 further genocides.=20

However, we are also sending = our worries=20 that this conference might fall short of its goals to initiate any = proclaimed=20 "education, remembrance and research" on the Holocaust in the true and = deep=20 sense of those words as it is arbitrarily restricting its reality = outreach to an=20 arbitrary tunnel-vision.=20

"The danger lies in our = failure to learn=20 from history, in our failure to see the connections."=20

(from the conference opening = speech of the=20 Swedish Prime Minister G=F6ran Persson, 2000-01-26)

There are a scientifically = established=20 historical and causal connections between the highlighted Jewish = holocaust and=20 the first but yet mostly untold genocide of same century which has been=20 committed against Assyrians and Armenians, Greeks in the Ottoman Empire = and=20 later on in Turkey.=20

Three-fourth of the Christian = Assyrian=20 people, at least 700,000 Assyrians of all denominations = (Syrian-Orthodox,=20 Nestorian, Chaldean), 1,5 million Armenians, at least 300,000 Greeks = from the=20 Pontos region and many other more were exterminated in unbelievable = horror=20 scenes of massacres and deportations, with additionally hundreds of = thousands of=20 children and women being abducted and forced into Turkification, = Kurdification=20 and Islamisation.=20

THE HOLOCAUST COULD HAVE BEEN = PREVENTED IF=20 MANKIND WOULD HAVE RAISED TO ITS REAL MISSION OF BROTHERLY SOLIDARITY = AND AT=20 THAT TIME WOULD HAVE TAKEN THE APPROPRIATE LESSON FROM THE HORRIFIC = EVENTS OF=20 THE FIRST GENOCIDE COMMITTED AGAINST ARMENIANS AND ASSYRIANS IN ORDER TO = PREVENT=20 ANY FUTURE GENOCIDES.=20

But the world choose to take = another=20 lesson:=20

The lack of awareness of the = world=20 community at that time and the impunity of that genocide, perpetrated = with the=20 knowledge of the German ally of Turkey, however, resulted in encouraging = Hitler=20 to ask on the eve of his assault on East Europe when he gave green light = to his=20 death squadrons "Who is still remembering the annihilation of the=20 Armenians?"=20

That lesson of impunity of the = Assyrian and=20 Armenian genocides being a reflection of the weakness of the world's = attention=20 and consciousness is still feeding the aftermath of that first=20 genocide:=20

While in Stockholm the = holocaust is dealt=20 with only in terms of the past, it is still today that Assyrians are = victims of=20 oppression of their culture, persecution, murder, rape, expulsion, = destruction=20 of their national identity in all forms in their homelands in Turkey and = particularly in Iraq where Assyrians and other Iraqi minorities were and = are=20 being subjected to ethnocidal policies practiced by the current=20 regime.=20

"...Have you noticed how the = Holocaust=20 deniers are spreading their lies..."=20

(from the conference opening = speech of the=20 Swedish Prime Minister G=F6ran Persson, 2000-01-26)

Despite overwhelming = scientific=20 evidence political opportunism preferred to deny the reality of the=20 Assyrian-Armenian genocide. Denial of genocide, however, is the last = step of=20 genocide. However, while perpetrators of that past and ongoing genocides = and/or=20 ethnocides and its deniers are participating in the conference the = victims have=20 not been invited, such as the Assyrians who are furthermore denied the=20 international recognition of their existence as a nation. Nor was = offered any=20 participation to the Armenians and other nations who fell victim to = genocides=20 and who are still suffering from their aftermath.=20

Against this background we wish = that a real=20 lesson may be taken form the Stockholm holocaust conference. A = lesson=20 which will not eclipse the whole panorama of the historical truth, past, = present=20 and future. A lesson that will take care of the forgotten past = victims but=20 also today=92s victims of that first, but nevertheless still ongoing = genocide,=20 ethnocide and their denials. And thus we wish that the conference = participants=20 will not fall prey to the self-complacency of a superficial festive = alibi event=20 fed by the international media spot-light but that they may find the = courage to=20 face the unmasked reality that is beyond hand-selected parcels of = reality around=20 the Holocaust.=20

Thus we wish that the holocaust = may not be=20 instrumentalised to blind-fold the world but that its remembrance will = be a=20 blessing for the world by increasing the world community's awareness to = fight=20 the evils and demons of genocide in a brotherly spirit encompassing all = mankind=20 and in order... "to mend and repair the WHOLE world". =
_______________________________________________________________= ______=20
Quotations from the conference opening address = of the=20 Swedish Prime Minister G=F6ran Persson and invitation from the Prime = Minister's=20 Office, Stockholm, Sweden 30 June 1999=20

Assyrian Democratic Party = ADP=20
Postfach 1146 =
D-46359 Heiden
GERMANY=20

Assyrian Liberation Party = GFA=20
Box 11
14501 Norsborg
SWEDEN=20

Assyrian Patriotic Party = APP=20
Otto-Wels-Str. = 56
D-65197 Wiesbaden =
GERMANY

BNNO PRESS = RELEASE=20
Detroit, = Michigan

January 27,=20 2000

In an effort to meet the = challenges facing=20 our Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac nation and to fill the political vacuum = that exists=20 within the Chaldean community, a group of committed nationalists joined = hands to=20 establish Beth Nahrain National Organization (BNNO). An = organization=20 created to utilize the impressive economic achievements and the = tremendous=20 resources of our Chaldean community to what is best for our entire = nation in the=20 homeland as well as in Diaspora.=20

With that in mind and with a = spirit full of=20 hope and a strong belief in our nation's just cause, a meeting of Beth = Nahrain=20 National Organization was convened on January 22, 2000 to discuss and = approve=20 its mission statement, constitution and internal rules, as well as the=20 organization's positions on several national as well as foreign=20 issues.=20

The meeting was successfully = concluded with=20 the election of an Executive Board that will run the organization's = day-to-day=20 activities for an initial one full year, after which a new board will be = elected=20 for the complete 4-years constitutional term.=20

The following day, members of = this board=20 met with the public and answered questions as to the organizations = agenda and=20 means of achieving it. Many valuable suggestions were made and a=20 constructive dialogue took place. Criticisms were also made as to the = poor=20 advertisement for the meeting which resulted in a small audience = attending the=20 event. Emphasis were made on the need for reaching out the entire = Chaldean=20 community in the US as well as in the homeland and other=20 countries.=20

In summary, BNNO is very = pleased with the=20 extremely positive response to its agenda. All the speakers agreed = on the=20 need for political organization like BNNO to act as the conduit of the = Chaldean=20 community as well as that of our entire Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac nation = in its=20 struggle for recognition of its legitimate national = rights.=20

The meeting was also attended = by a=20 delegation from Chicago representing Assyrian Democratic Organization = (led by=20 Mr. Abger Mallol), Bet Nahrain Democratic Party (led by Mr. Gelyana = Younan), Dr.=20 Norman Sulkha and Ms. Leila (from the Mesopotamian Museum), Dr. John = Michael and=20 Mr. Tony Khoshaba, and a visiting guest from Syria.=20

The following are the names of = the=20 Executive Board members of Beth Nahrain National=20 Organization:=20

1. Joseph Kassab, President - = Detroit,=20 Michigan
2. = Ghassan Hanna=20 Shathaya, Vice President - San Francisco Bay Area =
3. Hirmis Aboona, Political Affairs = Adviser -=20 Toranto, Canada
4. Munir=20 Hormis, Secretary of International Affairs - Toranto, = Canada=20
5. Kais Younan, Secretary of = External=20 Affairs - Detroit, Michigan
6. John Mackey, National Security Adviser - Detroit,=20 Michigan
7. = Firas Jatou,=20 Secretary of Information and Media - Toranto, Canada =
8. Raed Polus, Treasurer - Toranto,=20 Canada =

Our organization has passed its = first=20 hurdle and we are sure we will overcome others. Also we could put = our=20 resources to the service of our great nation and in full collaboration = and=20 coordination with all the existing political groups within the Eastern = Assyrian=20 and Syriac Communities. Only in combining all the resources of our = three=20 communities and employing them wisely, will our nation be able to = achieve its=20 legitimate rights in Beth Nahrain and defeat the plans of its=20 enemies.=20

Glory to our = Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac=20 nation. Glory to all our martyrs; those who died due to massacres and = those who=20 died fighting for their nation's rights. May God bless their = souls. Glory=20 to all who put their nation's interests before their = owns.=20

Beth Nahrain National=20 Organization
Detroit,=20 Michigan=20

RADIOTHON = APPEAL

Dear Sir/Madam:=20

The Assyrian Relief Fund (ARF) = is a=20 charitable organization duly registered in New South Wales. ARF is = authorized=20 and governed by the New South Wales Government to conduct public appeals = to=20 raise funds for needy Assyrians. (ARF=92s aims and objects are available = upon=20 request).=20

January 15th, 2000 marks the = ninth=20 anniversary of the United Nation's sanctions imposed upon Iraq. The ARF = is=20 conducting a radiothon on Friday 28th January 2000 on the Echo of = Nineveh=20 program (2GLF FM 89.3, 6pm-8pm) to raise money in order to help our = needy=20 Assyrians living in Iraq.=20

Assyrians as a Christian = minority are the=20 most disadvantaged in the Iraqi society today, and recent reports and = video=20 tapes sent to ARF from Iraq indicate that the Assyrians are in a great = need of=20 medical assistance, food, clothing and other daily needs.=20

We hereby invite you to respond = to our=20 appeal by donating to this noble cause before or on Friday 28th January = 2000.=20 Your company's name and donation will be mentioned on the Echo of = Nineveh=20 program and printed in the Progressive Assyrian magazine, and a receipt = will be=20 issued to you upon receiving your donation.=20

We are hopeful that you will = respond to our=20 appeal favourably.=20

Yours truly,=20

Dr. Maraim D. = Joseph=20
President =
PO Box 1032 Valley Plaza, =
Green Valley NSW 2168 =
Fax 61 2 9755 7571 =
Email: arfaus@hotmail.com=20

For more information visit: Click= =20 Here=20

MILESTONES=20

Adam Matthew = Enwiya

Born on Sunday, January = 16=20
Parents: Mazin & = Helen=20 (Chicago)=20

Evelyn H.=20 Bedig

86, of Jamaica Plain,=20 Massachusetts
died January=20 13 at the Armenian Nursing Home in Jamaica Plain
a retired supervisor in the actuarial = department of=20 Paul Revere Insurance Co;
also worked at the Worcester Envelope Company.=20

=20

ASSYRIAN SURFING = POSTS=20
Links to Other Assyrian=20 Websites

Nineveh=20 Club of Sydney, Australia

The=20 Code of Hammurabi

=20

LITERATUS=20

AN ANCIENT ASSYRIAN MARRIAGE=20 CONTRACT

Laqipum has married Hatala, = daughter of=20 Enishru. In the country (i.e., Central Anatolia) Laqipum may not marry = another=20 (woman)=97(but) in the City (i.e., Ashur) he may marry a hierodule.[1] = If within=20 two years she (i.e., Hatala) does not provide him with offspring, she = herself=20 will purchase a slavewoman, and later on, after she[2] will have = produced a=20 child by him, he may then dispose of her by sale wheresoever he pleases. = [3]=20 Should Laqipum choose to divorce her (text: "him"), he must pay (her) = five minas=20 of silver- and should Hatala choose to divorce him, she must pay (him) = five=20 minas of silver. Witnesses: Masa, Ashurishtikal, Talia,=20 Shupianika.=20

[1] Akk. qadi$tum, who, according to Middle = Assyrian Laws=20 =A7 40, may be married to a free citizen, but her status would probably = have been=20 inferior to that of a "first" wife under the circumstances envisaged in = this=20 contract.
[2] The translation assumes = that the=20 subject is the slavewoman, but it is equally possible that Hatala is the = subject, if the verb is rendered "provided" rather than "produced," but = the=20 sense is not materially affected either way.
[3]=20 The rendering is based on the fact that the pronoun and the verb are = masculine,=20 but considering that the masculine is also used throughout in the = following two=20 clauses, even when Hatala is clearly the object of the first and the = second, it=20 might be presumed that she is the subject here also, which would = configure=20 better with the fact that it is she who was to provide the slavewoman to = begin=20 with, and presumably would also retain the right to sell = her.=20

Translator: J.J. = FinkelsteiN=20
Old Assyrian, 19th century=20 B.C.
Text: B. = Hrozn=FD,=20 Inscriptions Cun=E9iformes du Kult=E9p=E9 (Praha, 1952). =
Transliteration and translation, = Hrozn=FD, in Symbolae=20 Koschaker (Studia et Documenta II, 1939), 108ff. For bibliography of = discussions=20 cf. H. Hirsch, Orientalia, xxxv (1966), 259f
=20

BRAVO=20

AFRAM = RAYIS

Afram Rayis was born in the village of Aradin, in = north=20 Beth-Nahrain (present day Iraq) and came to the U.S.A. in 1956 as a = student. In=20 1958 he organized the Iraqi Student Association through the Detroit = Institute of=20 Technology before graduating with a degree in business in 1963. For one = year he=20 worked as an instructor at the DIT and then went on to a teaching = position for=20 three years at St. Pius catholic school in Southgate, Michigan. While = continuing=20 college he was also employed as import-export and traffic manager of the = Detroit=20 processing terminal (one of Detroit ports). In 1967 he started his own = business=20 and continue to do so until now.=20

In the early 60's as more and more Chaldeans were = arriving in=20 Michigan, Mr. Rayis felt the need to help organize and establish the = Chaldean=20 Iraqi Association of Michigan and also the Chaldean Heritage = Association.=20

In 1973, Mr. Rayis became a supporter of the Assyrian = Universal=20 Alliance. He attended the 1974 Chicago congress, 1975 Geneva Congress = and 1976=20 Congress In Skockholm. In January of 1978 he was elected by the = Executive=20 Council as Secretary of the Americas headquarters Chapter, following the = death=20 of the late honorable Michael Rasho. While attending the 1978 Congress = in=20 Australia, he was reelected to the same position obtaining the highest = votes=20 from all the nominees on the election list. He would soon be elected as=20 Secretary General of the Assyrian Universal Alliance at the 13th = congress in Los=20 Angles.=20

In 1993 he founded the Assyrian Chaldean Association = of=20 Detroit. Mr. Rayis was one of the representative from this association = that=20 founded and formed the Chaldean Federation of America. This association = later=20 joined the Assyrian American national Federation in 1977 and hosted its = first=20 convention in Michigan at the Michigan Inn of Southfield in 1981. Mr. = Rayis was=20 General Chairman of this convention.=20

On march 31, 1981 the city of Southfield Chamber of = Commerce=20 honored Afram Rayis with the Man of the Year for "LIBERTY" by dedicating = his=20 time, efforts, and talents to improve life in the community. In August = of 1996=20 at the Detroit Convention of the Assyrian American National Federation = he was=20 the Assyrian Man of the Year.=20

He attended the 22nd Assyrian Universal Alliance in = Tehran,=20 Iran in November of 1998. The A.U.A. delegation met with the Iranian = President=20 Honorable Khatami who addressed the opening of the conference. Mr. Rayis = visited=20 Northern Iraq on his own behalf to access the situation first hand of = the cities=20 and villages and meet with Zowaa leadership. In September of 1999 Mr. = Rayis made=20 yet another humanitarian trip to Northern Iraq to distribute funds and = medical=20 supplies to the villages.=20

Mr. Rayis dedicated his life and energy to improve = the life of=20 others throughout the world. He has demonstrated unselfish devotion to = new=20 immigrants to this country through numerous hindrances.=20

Married to Joliet, he has 7 children and 15=20 grandchildren.=20

His dream: To see true autonomy established in Beth = Nahrain and=20 to see all Christians in the Middle East United.=20

As Dr. Elliot Burns, Director of Education introduced = Mr. Rayis=20 =85=20

"On the Statue of Liberty it say in part:=20

"Send me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses, = yearning=20 to be free" and Afram Rayis, symbolizes liberty to thousands of=20 Assyrian/Chaldeans who search for freedom, and he does it Unselfishly = and=20 Willingly."=20

"Chaldean Detroit = Times"=20
Vol. 10, No. 205 =

Submitted by Mr. Tony Khoshaba in = Chicago=20

=20

PUMP UP THE = VOLUME=20

ENGLISH	MODERN=20 ASSYRIAN	GENDER
Biting	nhaas/ta	feminine
Barking	nwakh/ta	feminine

BACK TO THE = FUTURE

BC (7th Century)=20

Weather lore is recorded by the Assyrians in = cuneiform writing.=20 The concepts of condensation, rarefaction
and = the=20 different states of wind, rain and clouds were first discovered in 570=20 B.C.=20

Pat Shingleton's Weather News, January 10,=20 2000

AD (February = 1917)=20

Hakim Freidoun Atouraya, Rabbie Benyamin Arsanis and = Dr. Baba=20 Bet-Parhad establish the first Assyrian political party, the Assyrian = Socialist=20 Party. Two months later, Kakim Atouraya completes his "Urmia = Manifesto of=20 the United Free Assyria" which called for self-government in the regions = of=20 Urmia, Mosul, Turabdin, Nisibin, Jezira, and Julamaerk.=20

Dr. Freidoun Atouraya- = an essay by=20 Fred Aprim
=20

THIS WEEK IN=20 HISTORY

February 4, 1923: The "Mosul Vilayat" discussions at the = Lousanne=20 Conference are tabled. The government of Turkey was disputing the=20 ownership claims of the Iraqi and British governments and the Assyrians = of=20 northern Iraq over the oil-rich region of Mosul in northern = Iraq.=20

CALENDAR OF = EVENTS

Feb = 10	LONDON,=20 ENGLAND LONDON CENTRE FOR THE = ANCIENT=20 NEAR EAST LECTURE "The birth of the multinational: 2000 years of = ancient=20 business history, from Ashur to Augustus" Prof=20 Karl Moore 6:00 PM = School of Oriental and African Studies Russell Sq WC1. Brunei Gallery Enquiries=20 020-7935-5379, e-mail PEFund@compuserve.com
Feb = 19	LONDON, = ENGLAND=20 LONDON CENTRE FOR THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST=20 LECTURE "Symbolism in Assyrian art" Paul=20 Oakes 11.15 AM British=20 Museum, Great Russell St. WC1. Gallery talk=20 in Room 19
Feb = 19-20	SYDNEY,=20 AUSTRALIA TAAAS YOUTH=20 CONFERENCE Sponsored by the Assyrian Australian Academic=20 Society Members $120 and Non-members=20 $145 Beachcomber Pacific = Resort=20 Toukley NSW (90 minutes North of = Sydney) =20 The buses will depart at 7am on the 19th and = return at=20 4:45 pm on the 20th For more = information:=20 Ramsin Jajoo - 0414 838 = 410=20 Assyat David - 0419 469=20 076
Mar = 28	LONDON, = ENGLAND=20 LONDON CENTRE FOR THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST=20 LECTURE "Reading and writing cuneiform past and = present"=20 Christopher Walker 6:30=20 PM British Museum, Great Russell St. = WC1. Lecture=20 theatre. Tickets 7.50 pounds = Contact 020 7323 8566
Apr = 12	LONDON, = ENGLAND=20 LONDON CENTRE FOR THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST=20 LECTURE "Egypt through the Assyrian annals" = Paul Collins 6:00 PM = British Museum, Great Russell St. WC1. Lecture = Theatre=20 EES and BM Dept. of Egyptian = antiquities.=20 Non-EES members contact the EES 020 7242=20 1880
May = 27	MODESTO,=20 CALIFORNIA FIRST=20 ASSYRIAN MIDI COMPOSERS CONFERENCE Double Tree = Hotel=20 2:00 PM-10:00 PM = PST=20 Organized by: Nineveh On = Line Click Here for more=20 information What is=20 MIDI? Click=20 Here

SHARE YOUR = INFORMATION WITH=20 ASSYRIAN READERS IN 50 COUNTRIES BY INCLUDING ZINDA IN YOUR COMMUNITY OR = ORGANIZATION'S MAILING LIST. SEE OUR MAILING ADDRESS=20 BELOW.

ZINDA Magazine is published = every=20 Tuesday. Views expressed in ZINDA do not necessarily represent = those of=20 the ZINDA editors, or any of our associated staff. This = publication=20 reserves the right, at its sole discretion, not to publish comments or = articles=20 previously printed in or submitted to other journals. ZINDA reserves the = right=20 to publish and republish your submission in any form or medium. All = letters and=20 messages require the name(s) of sender and/or author. All messages = published in the SURFS UP! section must be in 500 words or less and bear = the=20 name of the author(s). Distribution of material featured in ZINDA is not = restricted, but permission from ZINDA is required. This service is = meant=20 for the exchange of information, analyses and news. To subscribe, send = e-mail=20 to: zenda@ix.netcom.com.=20

=20

Zinda Magazine
P.O. Box 20278   San Jose, = California  =20 95160   U.S.A.
Voice:      (408) = 918-9200=20
   = Fax:      (408)=20 918-9201

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