November 13, 2000

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Z I N D = A M A G A Z I N = E

Tishrin II 13,=20 = 6750 &nb= sp; =20 Volume=20 = VI = ; =20 Issues=20 = 29 = ;=20 November 13, = 2000

Advertiseme= nt=20 Info Contact=20 Us Archives =
To receive our weekly notification message or this issue = in text=20 format write to z_info@zindamagazine.com.

T H I S W E E = K I=20 N Z I N D=20 A

The=20 Lighthouse	Current Assyrian Endowments in the United=20 States
Good=20 Morning Bet-Nahrain	Catholics and Armenians Closer to = Unity
News=20 Digest	Iranians Hail Pope John for Interrelegious=20 Dialogue
Surfs=20 Up	"What is home to most of our = people?"
Surfers=20 Corner	Text of the Report Presented to EU Parliament -=20 Brussels
Reflections=20 on Assyria	SS Mesopotamia
Literatus	The Assassination of H.H. = Mar Eshai=20 Shimmun XXIII
Bravo!	Treasures from the Royal Tombs of = Ur
Assyrian=20 Surfing Posts	Nakosha's Latest Issue
Pump=20 Up the Volume	Smoke & Vapor
Back=20 to the Future	Mesopotamian Columns & Ernest de = Sarzec
This=20 Week in History	Assyrian Star
Calendar=20 of Events	November = 2000

All blue=20 links throughout this issue are hyperlinks to other sections on this = page or=20 featured websites.

THE=20 = LIGHTHOUSE

CURRENT ASSYRIAN ENDOWMENTS = IN THE=20 UNITED STATES

Ever since Assyrians began = arriving in this=20 country during the 19th century, they have expressed their concern for=20 co-ethnics in two ways: first by promoting the preservation of their = culture and=20 heritage in the diaspora, and second by helping the communities = remaining in the=20 homeland. In many cases they have established charitable = institutions,=20 such as the Assyrian Orphanage and School (New Jersey), probably the = first=20 solidly funded charitable institution among Assyrians. The AOS = celebrated its=20 100 anniversary in the year 2000. In other cases they have established=20 scholarship funds which distribute moneys. In more recent cases, they = have=20 placed endowments with existing institutions that then use the income of = the=20 fund to promote Assyrian causes - usually educational.=20

In order to determine the = direction for=20 growth in this area, it is useful to assess the extent of existing = endowments,=20 both institutional and independent, which in some way contribute to the=20 preservation of Assyrian language, culture, and heritage. An added = benefit of=20 such an assessment is to to identify existing resources so they will be = a help=20 to a larger group of our community.=20

The word "Fund" has been = broadly used by=20 community groups: the Assyrian Georgian Relief Fund or the Fund for = Modern=20 Assyrian Studies. In such usage, it is not clear whether there is a = principle=20 amount of money that remains in perpetuity and from which income only is = used,=20 or whether the moneys rotate in and out as the need arises. Here I want = to focus=20 only on those funds which have been designated as endowments - the = principle=20 remains in perpetuity and is not tapped for current use. As you can = guess, such=20 endowments require such a level of stability in the administering = institution as=20 to inspire confidence in the donor of the principle that in fact the = principle=20 will be both wisely invested, and the income only spent. The donor = often, though=20 not always, also gives the endowment a meaningful name, sometimes a = family name,=20 that will endure in perpetuity. Examples in the United States abound of = such=20 endowments: the Rockefeller Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the Gates=20 Foundation are among the thousands that exist. These endowments are of = such=20 large dimension that they have funds to administer themselves. A funding = institution like the National Endowment for the Arts or the National = Endowment=20 for the Humanities are not endowed but depend on money allocated to them = for=20 annual expenditure by Congress. In the parlance of fund raisers, the = latter=20 group depend on "soft money" whereas the former have "hard" or = relatively=20 reliable money.=20

Getting back to Assyrian = efforts to create=20 reliable funding, the first such attempt, the Assyrian Orphanage and = School,=20 served by such activists as Naoum Faik, used its meager resources to buy = a small=20 apartment building in New Jersey and sent rental income to Lebanon and = Syria to=20 support orphanages and schools. This may not have been its only source = of money,=20 but at least it had the basic income from the building. In the aftermath = of WWI=20 the need for orphanages and community run schools was especially=20 critical.=20

Two of the other early funds = that operated=20 as endowments, and do to this day, also come from the western Assyrian=20 community: The George Mardinly Educational Fund (New Jersey - mainly = moneys=20 donated by George Mardinly) and for many years administered by the late = Rose=20 Dartley and The United Assyrian Organization of Massachusetts = Educational Fund=20 (Massachusetts). The latter was funded chiefly by =E9migr=E9s from = Harput who worked=20 in the industries of Worcester, Lowell and Boston. Both of these funds = focus on=20 scholarships given to residents of their respective = states.=20

The Timatheus Mushel Soleiman = and Family=20 Memorial Assyrian Fund may be the first endowment established after = World War=20 II. It may also be the first one dedicated for the benefit of = Assyrians=20 but administered by a non-Assyrian institution. These are the terms of = the=20 endowment: "following the lifetime of the donor, income will be paid to = the=20 Assyrian Presbyterian Church, Yonkers, N. Y. And to COEMAR to advance = religious=20 education in the mother tongue, Assyrian, of worthy young people in = Iran, with=20 preference given to orphans and particularly those dwelling in the = Rezaiyeh=20 area." The endowment was established with the United Presbyterian = Foundation,=20 Presbyterian Church (USA) in 1983. The donor, who lost his entire family = during=20 the Assyrian genocide, and himself an educated product of Urumiah = College=20 (graduated in 1918), is one of the great Assyrian philanthropists whose=20 generosity spreads from the Assyrian cemetery in Teheran to the Assyrian = community in Turlock. In addition to this large fund, he also set up = smaller=20 ones, in the name of his wife and another one in his own name. All the=20 endowments are administered by the same institution.=20

The uses of the income from = this fund are=20 extremely restrictive: the income is used to support Assyrian = Presbyterian=20 churches, especially in Urumiah, and to provide fellowships for the = training of=20 Assyrians who enter the ministry. Since its inception in 1983, the = principle of=20 the fund has increased as has also the expendable income. Yet because of = the=20 language of the terms, its benefits are not as broadly applied for the = benefit=20 of the Assyrian community as might have happened. One can certainly hope = that=20 the church in Urumiah will sustain itself over a long time and if it = does, it=20 surely owes much to the support from this Soleiman Fund. On the other = hand, one=20 would wish that the administering institution would find ways of using = the funds=20 for broader educational purposes within the Assyrian = community.=20

Newer endowments, beginning in = 1979, appear=20 with the recognition of the realities of our American diaspora: the need = to=20 preserve and propagate our Assyrian identity. In order of establishment = these=20 endowments are as follows:=20

The David B. Perley Memorial = Assyrian Fund=20 - 1979, Harvard University=20

This is a book fund established = by the=20 family and friends of David B. Perley, an active and devoted member of = the=20 Assyrian-American community. The purpose of the fund is to promote the=20 development of research materials on the history, culture, literature, = and=20 language of the Assyrians since the 17th century of our era. = Specifically, the=20 fund will be used first to subsidize the publication of works devoted = primarily=20 to the Assyrians and second for the acquisition of archival materials,=20 collections and other rare historical materials dedicated to the = collection of=20 materials related to the Assyrians since the 17th century and=20 publication.=20

Support from this endowment has = transformed=20 Harvard University's collection of resources for the study of modern = Assyrians=20 into one of the best in the world. In addition to the rich archives of = the ABCFM=20 (American Board for Christian Foreign Missions) and a strong Syriac = manuscript=20 collection, Harvard now holds the best collection of Assyrian = periodicals from=20 around the world, especially early ones. The collection is enriched by = ephemera=20 such as photographs and special occasion booklets that helped to make = the 1999=20 exhibit "The Assyrian Experience: Sources for the Study of the 19th and = 20th=20 centuries from the holdings of Harvard University libraries," an = educational and=20 heart-warming occasion for many Assyrians. Aside from collections, the = Perley=20 Fund also subsidizes publications such as Studies in Neo-Aramaic = (Wolfhart=20 Heinrichs, ed. 1990), the catalogue and selected bibliography = accompanying the=20 above exhibit (Naby, Hopper, 1999), and Assyrian-Chaldean Christians in = Eastern=20 Turkey and Iran -Their Last Homeland Re-charted ( Sanders = 2000).=20

The Assyrian Foundation of = America Book=20 Fund - 1998, The University of California at Berkeley=20

The entire amount for this fund = came from=20 the organization that gives its name to this fund. The focus of the fund = is=20 dedicated to the collection of materials related to the Assyrians by a = public=20 university.=20

The Mishael and Lillie Naby = Assyrian=20 Lecture Fund - 1999, Harvard University=20

The proceeds from this Fund = shall be used=20 for the purpose of bringing one or more lecturers annually to Harvard = University=20 to make public presentations regarding the culture and history of the = Assyrians=20 during the medieval and modern periods. A secondary use of the Fund = income is=20 designated for the presentation of a prize to a member of the Harvard = community=20 for an outstanding research paper about medieval and modern Assyrians. = dedicated=20 to facilitating lectures about Assyrians since the Christian period and = to=20 promoting research within the Harvard community through a periodic=20 prize.=20

The fund was established by the = daughter=20 and son of the named persons. With added support from the local Assyrian = community, the income from this fund supports public lectures at Harvard = University which benefit the University and Assyrian = communities.=20

The Naoum Faik Assyrian Book = Fund - 2000,=20 Columbia University=20

This is a library endowment = fund intended=20 for the use of Columbia University in building and maintenance of a = collection=20 of materials related to Assyrian history and culture during the = Christian era.=20 While it is expected that the University will collect materials in all = necessary=20 languages, particular attention is directed to Assyrian language = materials,=20 including manuscripts.=20

The James Family Assyrian = Lecture Fund -=20 1999, Northwestern University=20

The final terms of this = substantial fund=20 established by the late Helen Nimrod James Schwarten, remain to be = determined.=20 Generally however, it is dedicated to facilitating lectures about=20 Assyrians.=20

*****

As more and more Assyrians gain = a=20 comfortable level of material comfort, some begin to consider charitable = distribution. The late Adam Benjamin distributed much of his estate in = this=20 manner to Assyrian organizations without requiring that the funds form=20 endowments - essentially he donated soft money but to directed purposes. = Other=20 Assyrian families such as the Miner family from Ada, of Oracle fame, has = chosen=20 to direct its giving to educational institutions without consideration = to=20 specifying use for Assyrian causes. Their recent contribution of over = $4.5=20 million to Roosevelt University represents the way other Assyrians are = sharing=20 their bounty. Let us hope that the increasing prosperity many of us = enjoy will=20 open our wallets to soft money giving for worthy causes, but also toward = endowments that allow us to help ourselves know ourselves and become = well-known.=20 What a terrific way to ensure the family name survives.=20

Dr. Eden Naby =
Harvard = University
=20

GOOD MORNING=20 = BET-NAHRAIN

CATHOLICS AND ARMENIANS = CLOSER TOWARD=20 UNITY

(ZNDA: Vatican) = Following a=20 1,500-year-old ecclesial separation, John Paul II and Karekin II, = patriarch of=20 the Armenian Apostolic Church, signed a joint declaration, confessing = the common=20 faith that unites these Churches. As with the joint declaration signed = between=20 the Assyrian Church of the East and the Catholic Church in 1986, they = reaffirmed=20 their commitment to make progress toward full unity.=20

The patriarch of the West, as = the Pope is=20 known in the East, and the patriarch of Etchmiadzin jointly confessed = their=20 faith "in the Triune God and in the one Lord Jesus Christ, Only-begotten = Son of=20 God." Both leaders declared their faith publicly "in the Church, one, = catholic,=20 apostolic and holy."=20

The declaration goes further, = acknowledging=20 "that the Catholic Church and the Armenian Church have true sacraments, = above=20 all -- through the apostolic succession of the bishops -- the priesthood = and=20 Eucharist. We continue to pray for full visible communion between=20 us."=20

Armenian Catholicos Karekin II = had arrived=20 at the Vatican on Thursday. The Pope also received the entire Armenian=20 delegation in the Clementine Hall. Karekin II was accompanied by the = Armenian=20 minister of religious affairs, 17 bishops from all over the world, and = numerous=20 representatives of the diaspora in America, Europe, the Mideast, Africa = and=20 Australia. The Armenian Orthodox Church has 7 million faithful, of whom = only 2=20 million live in Armenia. Many had been forced into exile as a result of = the=20 genocide carried out by the Ottoman Empire.=20

John Paul II gave the Armenian = religious=20 leader a relic of St. Gregory the Illuminator, patron of the Armenian = Church,=20 which was housed in a Naples convent. It will be placed in the cathedral = under=20 construction in Yerevan, Armenia's capital. Karekin II expressed = his=20 heartfelt gratitude for the gift of the relic, and renewed the = invitation to the=20 Pope to visit Etchmiadzin, see of the Armenian patriarchate, next year = for the=20 1,700th anniversary of the country's conversion to=20 Christianity.=20

During the Karekin's visit to = Vatican, the=20 Pope noted that: "The Armenian genocide has been a prelude to the = horrors=20 which followed: the two world wars, innumerable regional conflicts = and=20 deliberately
organised=20 campaigns of extermination that have ended the lives of millions of=20 believers." The pope's recognition of the Armenian genocide = follows the=20 approval on Wednesday by the French senate of a bill effectively = acknowledging=20 the claim that 1.5 million Armenians were killed and another 500,000 = driven from=20 their homes during events in the Ottoman Empire eight decades ago. = Over=20 350,000 Assyrians were also killed during the 1915 Genocide. = Turkey=20 disputes the claim and says that a much smaller number were killed in = what was a=20 revolt against the authorities. Two weeks ago, a similar draft = resolution=20 was pulled from the US House of Representatives after US President Bill = Clinton=20 intervened, citing
security=20 concerns.
=20

NEWS=20 DIGEST

IRANIANS HAIL POPE'S ROLE = IN=20 INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE

Reprinted from a report by Zenit News Agency in = Vatican;=20 November 7, 2000=20

(ZNDA: Rome) While = religious=20 discrimination continues in their country, Iranian officials meeting in = Rome=20 underlined the positive role that John Paul II is playing in promoting = dialogue=20 among all faiths.=20

Iranian deputies came to Rome = for last=20 weekend's Jubilee of governors and legislators. Last Friday they met in = their=20 nation's embassy at the Vatican along with representatives of religious=20 minorities who participate in the Islamic Consultative = Assembly.=20

Ahmad Bourghani, president of = the=20 Parliamentary Friendship Group between Italy and Iran, was among the = Iranian=20 delegates. He emphasized that the politicians' Jubilee was a privileged = occasion=20 to promote mutual understanding between Christians and = Muslims.=20

Non-Muslims comprise only = 210,000 of Iran's=20 60 million people. According to the Iranian Constitution, five of the = 290=20 parliamentary seats belong to religious minorities.=20

Christians, who number slightly = more than=20 100,000, have the right to three seats (one for the "Assyrian and = Chaldean"=20 Christians and two for Armenian Christians). Jews, the second minority, = have one=20 deputy, while Zoroastrians, who number about 10,000, have one=20 seat.=20

However, the "Report 2000 on = Religious=20 Liberty," published by Aid to the Church in Need, states that apostasy = from=20 Islam is punishable by death in the country, both for the one who causes = it as=20 well as the one who abandons this religion.=20

The same report reveals that = Christians are=20 leaving the country "because they can no longer open restaurants, small = kiosks,=20 be hairdressers or dentists. In case of an accident, the life of a = non-Muslim is=20 worth far less than that of a Muslim; the monetary sanction for running = someone=20 over is more than 100 times less."=20

Since 1991 no Jewish periodical = has been=20 allowed to publish. The situation of Jewish believers worsens because of = their=20 solidarity ties with their co-religionists in Israel, which the regime's = propaganda presents as "little Satan," the report = explains.=20

According to Human Rights = Frontiers,=20 followers of the Bahai religion were arrested last January and February = and=20 condemned to death.
=20

SURF'S=20 UP!

=93On Wednesday, November 1st, [we] = attended a lecture=20 at Harvard University entitled "The Mesopotamian Soul of Western = Culture: the=20 Continuity of Assyrian Ideology and Religion into the Christian = Area." =20 Prof. Simo Parpola of Helsinki University was the guest speaker. The = event was=20 sponsored by the Mishael and Lillie Naby Assyrian Lecture Fund, by Dr. = Eden Naby=20 and Dr. Michael Hopper of the Middle East Division, and by the = Department of Art=20 History and Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations.=20

Attendance to the lecture was = overwhelming,=20 exceeding available seating. As Assyrians we owe a debt of = gratitude to=20 Dr. Naby and Dr. Hopper for preserving the contributions of Assyria to = the=20 western world, as well as keeping alive the memory of the Assyrian = Diaspora=20 resulting from the massacres of World War I. [We] view Drs. Naby = and=20 Hopper as champions of Assyrian Culture.=94=20

Ed and Irene = Kliszus=20
New Jersey

=93I just=20 read Friday=92s (November 10) editorial in the New York Post, = =93Unfinished Business=20 in Iraq.=94 It describes the fast meltdown of the U.N. embargo and of = the air=20 blockade against that country. An increasing number of travelers are = arriving in=20 Iraq from all corners of the world, no doubt soon to be followed by = heightened=20 commercial and tourist activity. This is a long overdue development. The = international sanctions were ineffective in affecting government policy, = but=20 they were lethal to the civilian population.=20

The New York Post editorial complains that the U.S. = has not had=20 a clear policy in Iraq. We Assyrians could ask ourselves a similar same=20 question: Is there such a thing as an Assyrian policy concerning = Iraq and=20 its large Assyrian/Chaldean population?=20

For the past decade, we have been reading about the=20 Assyrians-Chaldeans who live in north Iraq, in the protected no-fly = zone. While=20 life in =93Gerbia=94 has not been a bed of roses, our people there have = at least=20 escaped the more extreme deprivations in the rest of Iraq. The = population of the=20 northern zone is between 3,500,000 and four million, most of whom are = Kurds.=20 Christians comprise only 1% to 2% of that population, yet they = were=20 accorded a disproportionate 5 seats in the 105-member Kurdish Parliament = governing the region. While sporadic fighting between the = major=20 Kurdish factions (KDP and PUK) has never fully stopped, mercifully = violent=20 incidents involving Kurds against Christians have been relatively few. = In a=20 twist of irony, the Kurds who were once the Assyrians=92 = persecutors-in-chief have=20 provided them a greater measure of tranquility than elsewhere in = Iraq.=20

But as we approach a new chapter which will see the=20 =93reunification=94 of the sheltered north with the rest of the country, = and the=20 expected return of Iraqi Arabs to the north, what changes can we expect = to see=20 in that area? Even more importantly, what of the rest of Iraq, which is = home to=20 most of our people? Christians may be a minuscule minority in the north, = yet in=20 the country as a whole they comprise a significant percentage of the = population.=20 Is there any consensus among this larger group of our countrymen what = they=20 intend for their future, other than the proverbial individual = pursuit of=20 happiness? In decades past, most of them appear to have been jealous = guardians=20 of their religious freedom, but less concerned about the Arabization of = their=20 culture.=20

Once tensions have diminished and the political = process in Iraq=20 opens up to everyone, what is a realistic scenario for the large = Christian=20 minority? Whether in the Middle East (Iran, Syria) or in the West = (Europe,=20 America, Australia) Assyrians-Chaldeans have traditionally been = desultory=20 in their support of any program which might be described as =93nation = enhancing=94.=20 Is there any reason to believe that any of this would change in a = democratic=20 Iraq, which is the last living frontier of our identity? Is it not more = likely=20 that it will be =93business as usual=94 in Baghdad and in the other = Christian=20 enclaves? Furthermore, I wonder whether Assyrians-Chaldeans in the = diaspora are=20 in any position -- whether by deed or by example -- to expect any = departure from=20 the norm?=94=20

Francis Sarguis =
California=20

=93I am excited to see my people using the = greatest=20 communications avenue to get things out in the open asap. Your E-mail = was sent=20 to me by a friend, and I'm so grateful for him, because I was not aware = of your=20 information services...Thank you and GOD bless.=94=20

Paul Khinno =

SURFERS=20 CORNER

TEXT OF THE REPORT = PRESENTED TO EU=20 PARLIAMENT - BRUSSELS

On November 8, a delegation from the=20 Assyrian-Chaldean-Syriac Union (ACSU) presented the following report in = Brussels=20 in an effort to inform the EU Parliament of the claims of the = Assyrian-Suryoye=20 in Turkey. The EU Commission in Brussels has prepared a = preliminary=20 document of these basic claims and has requested a response from the = government=20 of Turkey prior to the end of calendar year 2000.=20

The Assyrian delegation submitted this report = to the=20 following individuals:=20

Mr. Morillon (EU Parliament, Christian = Democrat)=20
Mr. Sakellariou (Germany, Social = Democrat)=20
M. A. Druff (EU Parliament, Great = Britain)=20

Others included Cohn-Bendit, Wiersma, Pirker,=20 Swoboda
=20

The full text was distributed to all members of = the EU=20 Parliament.

Who are the Assyrian-Suryoye=20 ?

The Assyrian-Suryoyo people are the most ancient = people in the=20 Middle-East.=20

The Assyrian-Suryoyo people have been able to = maintain their=20 culture till today, after a history of more than 6000 years. Their = contributions=20 for human civilization are numerous. The base of the high technology, = commerce=20 and communication today in the world has its origin in the time of the = old=20 Assyrians and Babylonians.=20

Beside these, the Assyrian-Suryoye played a key role = in the=20 spread of the Christian religion. It were the Assyrian-Suryoye that = converted=20 themselves massively to christianity. The Assyrian- Suryoyo monasteries = and=20 churches, that are more than 2000 years old, are a magnificent proof for = that.=20

In the 20th century our human rights were denied = systematically=20 through several treaties. One of these treaties is the Treaty of = Lausanne of=20 1923. The countries that together with Turkey played a role in the = realization=20 of the treaty of Lausanne and therefore were responsible for the destiny = of the=20 Assyrian-Suryoye did nothing to prevent the Assyrians-Suryoye to reach = the edge=20 of extermination.=20

The Assyrian-Suryoye people look forward to the = candidacy of=20 the Turkey within the European Union. Their hope is that a possible = membership=20 of the EU could advance the process of democratization in Turkey. = However, the=20 rights of the Assyrian-Suryoyes that were neglected by the treaty of = Lausanne,=20 should be taken care of. Therefore the Assyrian-Suryoye people have the=20 following demands to the EU and all other countries:=20

- Recognition of the identity and the guarantee of = all rights=20 for the Assyrian-Suryoye by the United Nations and the EU.=20

- The criteria of Copenhagen should be the guide of = the=20 negotiations with Turkey concerning the rights of the Assyrian- Suryoye = people.=20 We ask the European Union to demand the following from Turkey:=20

- The ending of the extermination- and denial policy = concerning=20 the Assyrian- Suryoye people.=20

- Recognition of the Assyrian- Suryoye as an ethnical = minority.=20

- Immediate application of the acknowledged rights of = the=20 treaty of Lausanne ( the clauses that concern the non- Islamites) =

- Abolition of all oppression on the Assyrian- = Suryoye people,=20 caused by the difference in religion.=20

- The return of all properties of the Assyrian- = Suryoye=20 churches and the rehabilitation of the East Assyrian Church and the = Syriac=20 Orthodox Church of Antiochia caused by the banishment of the patriarchs = of these=20 mentioned churches.=20

- The right to be educated in our own Syriac = language, the=20 recognition of our social and cultural rights, the right to found = schools,=20 institutions and associations.=20

- The right to found a press and media in our own = Syriac=20 language. Constitutional guarantee of all rights for the Assyrian - = Suryoye=20 people and the abolition of all restrictions hereon.=20

- The return of all property of Assyrian- Suryoye ( = houses,=20 villages, land etc.) and the notarial fixation hereof. The = facilitating of=20 the return of the Assyrian- Suryoye to their original area and the = restoration=20 of order in that area.=20

- The trial of the murderers of the in the last = fifteen years=20 killed Assyrians- Suryoye. Recognition of the right to renovate,=20 rebuilding and protect the old Assyrian historical buildings like = churches and=20 monasteries.=20

HOLLAND
Lipperkerkstraat 194 =
NL-7533 AH ENSCHEDE =
Fax:+3153 428 3931 =
SCHWEDEN
Brannare Wagen 17533
Sodertalje 15155
Tel: +3 627323601
=20

REFLECTIONS ON=20 = ASSYRIA

SS = MESOPOTAMIA

I came across this article in a = Sunday=20 paper recently titled, "Cruise Ship Sinks...One Boatload of Survivors = Found=20 ". What was my surprise on discovering that the ship was named SS=20 Mesopotamia and those saved consisted of 27 children and one adult=20 gentleman. The article included an interview with the man = conducted while=20 the rescue ship made for port. He must have been badly shaken by the = ordeal or=20 else how account for the bizarre incidents he related on board up to the = final=20 moment when the ill-fated ship sank.=20

In the first place the ship's = passengers=20 were made up entirely from our own people. There were Assyrians,=20 Chaldeans, Syriacs, Maronites, Suryoyos, Turyoyos, Aramaens and a few = I'd never=20 heard of before. The purpose of the cruise was partly a kind of=20 getting-to-know-you-while-gambling excursion for there was a casino on=20 board. However, there was a cultural element as well with lectures = and=20 seminars led by experts in their fields. The lone gentleman = survivor, who=20 preferred not to be named, said he'd gone along "just to see" as he'd = always=20 been interested in learning more about his heritage.=20

Things had gone smoothly enough = the first=20 two days. The weather was pleasant, the sea calm. He'd = gambled a=20 bit, listened to native music, danced, eaten well and managed to attend = some=20 interesting lectures. There'd been one about ethnic identity and = how to=20 determine if yours was really legitimate and others were not. = Another=20 detailed the origins of each group back to before the Flood, etc. = There=20 was some heated discussion but people seemed determined to remain = gracious and=20 no bad feelings resulted. The next day there were political discussions, = cultural workshops, even a story-telling session for the = youngsters. There=20 were signs of increasing tension, however, when it was announced that = some sort=20 of consensus was being sought by the cruise organizers. Apparently = they=20 hoped to iron out a document acceptable to all regarding who was = actually what=20 and the order they'd be willing to be listed in for future = consideration. =20 Some were numerically in the majority and claimed they should be given=20 preference, assuring the others that their superior sense of self would = never=20 allow them to abuse it, while others signified that numbers, as might, = didn't=20 make right and more weight should be given to achievement and status. = The=20 smaller groups resented both positions, claiming that all were God's = children=20 and should be treated equally. That evening the crew was called = upon to=20 break up the first real confrontation at a seminar on "Living Together = in a=20 Homeland".=20

By the fourth day things had = degenerated=20 further. Even the casino wasn't spared as members of each group squared = off over=20 which machines and tables favored whom and a general discontent = prevailed=20 whenever one group proved "too lucky". In the dining room there = was=20 discord too as each group balked at having to eat what was featured as a = favorite dish of another's, though the ingredients were identical. = The=20 bands also refused to yield with the result that there was no = dancing. By=20 now each church, representing its own members, had hunkered down = below-decks=20 re-igniting old animosities, conducting services at all hours. = This became=20 necessary as people went round the clock at the debates and regular = scheduling=20 was impossible.=20

On the fifth day the passengers = appeared=20 ready to do battle. The crew was alarmed enough to spend the rest of the = voyage=20 together on the bridge. The children, left pretty much to themselves all = this=20 time in a kind of playland/gymnasium, were acting much like children=20 everywhere. Their games, their comings together and failings out = did not=20 follow the same pattern as the adults around them. Stewards = supplied their=20 every need and after the first two nights they all took to sleeping = together in=20 the play area so that they remained largely, and blissfully, ignorant of = the=20 growing turmoil. By now curses, long speeches, tears, threats and = mighty=20 declamations could be heard swirling about the passageways and down as = far as=20 the engine room whose crew abandoned its post to spend the night with = their=20 terrified fellows.=20

On the sixth day disaster = struck. A fire in=20 the engine room, left unattended, led to an explosion which quickly = ignited the=20 diesel fuel tanks resulting in a hole and sea water pouring in. By = now the=20 passengers had left off gambling...music, dancing and even dining had = all=20 stopped. All were engaged 24 hours in defending their positions = when not=20 attacking others. The crew, dispatched to alert the passengers, = found the=20 people either too pre-occupied or unwilling to give up the floor. = Unable=20 to impress anyone as to their imminent danger, the captain and crew, = along with=20 the cruise organizers, lowered a boat and abandoned ship just as a = tremendous=20 blast shook the vessel.=20

The lone gentleman survivor = stumbled upon=20 the frightened children on his way to yet another seminar and shocked = awake as=20 from a trance to the ships peril, led the crying children to = safety. =20 Together they were able to let down another boat and, the ship listing = badly,=20 steam shooting in all directions with the aft section engulfed in = flames, pushed=20 off. Loud voices locked in debate could still be heard as the = stern of the=20 ship lifted momentarily, revealing in bold letters the name SS = MESOPOTAMIA,=20 before plunging beneath the waves. The boat holding the crew and=20 organizers was later found awash and empty with no sign of=20 survivors.=20

On its arrival the rescue ship, = a Liberian=20 freighter, deposited the gentleman and 27 orphans at a local hospital. = On=20 registering names and ages the staff also sought information regarding=20 nationality. Authorities have not been able to explain why, to = this day,=20 the lone surviving gentleman refuses to provide this last bit of=20 information.=20

Fred Parhad =
California

ASSYRIAN SURFING=20 POSTS

The Latest Issue of Nakosha = Magazine
=20

EXCERPTS FROM THE TRIAL=20 PROCEEDINGS
of = the=20 Assassination of His Holiness Mar Eshai Shimmun XXIII=20

The people of the state of = California,=20 plaintiff, Vs. David Malik Ismail, defendant. =
San Jose, California =
March 12, 1976

The trial reconvened at 9:45 a. = m. on=20 Monday, March 15, 1976, at which time Emama Mar Eshai Shimun was called = to the=20 witness stand. She testified that she is Assyrian, and that she was born = in Iraq=20 and lived there from 1942 until 1969 when she immigrated to Canada. She = lived in=20 Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, until 1971 when she immigrated to the United = States.=20 The witness stated that while she was living in Canada with her family, = she and=20 her family knew Mr. David Ismail and his family, and that when he = visited her=20 family in Canada he spoke of a political organization whose goal was to = get back=20 the Assyrian people=92s land from the Iraqi government. When she stated = that she=20 was against his ideas, Mr. Ismail said that once the churches were = destroyed,=20 the attention of the people could be given to politics and regaining = their land.=20 The church he was referring to was the Church of the East. As this time = Mrs.=20 Shimun said she also knew Mr. David Ismail=92s brother, Zaia Ismail, and = that he=20 was politically involved with the Assyrian Universal = Alliance.=20

Mrs. Shimun then testified that = she had met=20 the Patriarch of the Church of the East in Tehran in 1968 with her = family and a=20 group of Assyrian people. In July 1973 the Patriarch asked her to marry = him, and=20 explained to her that he had resigned his office with the Church because = of his=20 health. She married him in Seattle, Washington, on August 16, 1973. Mrs. = Shimun=20 then explained the tradition and history of the Patriarchate of the = Church of=20 the East, and that the members of the Church were in Iran, Iraq, = Australia and=20 Italy, and that new members from Brazil and France were to be accepted. = There=20 are also some members of the Church in the United States. Some of the = people=20 were very upset when the Patriarch resigned his office, as they wanted = him to be=20 a political leader as well as a spiritual leader. However, he felt that = the=20 Church should be completely isolated from politics. Mrs. Shimun stated = that=20 about a month before the Patriarch was killed, someone from the Assyrian = Universal Alliance in Chicago had visited him, trying to get him to = return to=20 Iraq to live, and to support the political alliance. The Patriarch had = again=20 declared that he didn't want the Church involved in politics, and that = each=20 member should be faithful to the country in which he lived. It seemed = that the=20 Assyrian Universal Alliance wanted the Patriarch out of = office.=20

Mrs. Shimun testified further = that a=20 meeting between the bishops of the church and the Patriarch was = scheduled in=20 Seattle, Washington, on November 19, 1975, but that it had been = postponed to=20 January 5, 1976. She also testified that her husband, the Patriarch, had = confided to her that he was afraid someone was plotting against him. = Mrs. Shimun=20 then testified that on November 6, 1975 she was living with her husband = and baby=20 son at 6217 Woosley Drive, San Jose. She spent the day as she usually = did,=20 preparing breakfast, doing her housework, taking the baby for a walk, = and doing=20 some shopping, while the Patriarch worked in his office upstairs. Around = 4:00 p.=20 m. she and the Patriarch had tea and then they prepared the dinner. They = had=20 just finished eating dinner, and she had gone upstairs to bathe the baby = and put=20 him to bed, about 6:30 p. m. , and the Patriarch had gone to the kitchen = to=20 prepare their evening coffee as was his custom, when she heard him = scream her=20 name twice, a shuffling noise, and three shots. She said that she had = been told=20 by the Patriarch that he would call her name twice if anything ever = happened to=20 him, and that she was to lock herself and the baby in a room and call = for help.=20 However, in this case she rushed down the stairs to see what had = happened to her=20 husband. She stated that she had seen no one through the glass portion = or the=20 door, nor through the windows which had sheer draperies, when she had = gone=20 upstairs. She did not know whether the door was locked, as she did not = lock it=20 when she came in from her walk with the baby. She did know, however, = that the=20 chain lock was not on. Mrs. Shimun testified that no guests were = expected either=20 that day or that evening, and if there had been someone ringing the door = bell=20 she would have heard it from upstairs. However, the Patriarch might not = have=20 heard either the bell or a knock, as he had some trouble with his=20 hearing...=20

Mrs. Shimun again testified, in = answering=20 questions addressed to her by Attorney Pestarino, that she was certain = that the=20 chain was not on the front door the evening of the murder, but that she = didn=92t=20 know whether the door was locked. It was the Patriarch=92s custom to = take a walk=20 between 9:00 and 10:00 p. m. , and he usually locked the house when he = returned=20 from his walk. She also went on to say that the Patriarch was hard of = hearing=20 and that he would not have heard a knock on the door...=20

Mrs. Shimun then confirmed her = testimony=20 that a member of the Assyrian Universal Alliance in Chicago had come to = see the=20 Patriarch, and encouraged him to give up his spiritual leadership and = assume=20 political leadership, but that the Patriarch had declined and stated = that he did=20 not want to be involved in political organizations of any kind. Mrs. = Shimun=20 stated that the man=92s first name she knew to be Sargis, and she = believed that=20 his last name was Michaels...She also stated that Reverend Ninos from = San=20 Francisco had accompanied the Patriarch to Seattle to perform their = marriage=20 ceremony.=20

Under cross-examination by = Attorney=20 Robinson, Mr. Ismail testified that he did not remember whether he had = knocked=20 at the Patriarch=92s door or rung the bell. The door had been opened by = the=20 Patriarch, and Mr. Ismail had knelt before him and kissed his hand. He = then=20 followed the Patriarch into the house. He did not know whether the front = door=20 was open or shut at this time. Mr. Ismail was unable to describe the = interior of=20 the Patriarch=92s house. He stated that the Patriarch turned to him as = if to=20 speak, but "I told him that Assyrian, they don=92t like to be =85 = Patriarch to be =85=20 back, because you are married =85 I told him that I don=92t mind myself, = but I can=92t=20 send that telegraph you give it to me. " Mr. Ismail said that the = Patriarch then=20 became upset and slapped him with his open hand, and then slapped him a = second=20 time. Mr. Ismail stated that he felt ashamed and mad at himself. He said = that=20 the Patriarch then grabbed him and shouted at him in Assyrian to get = out, and=20 kicked him. Mr. Ismail said that he fell down at this point, and the = Patriarch=20 then spat in his face and spoke ill of his father. The defendant stated = that he=20 did not care to repeat the words used by the Patriarch, but after the = judge=20 intervened he spoke the words "razel brona d=92razel d=92kopa b=92rona = d=92kopa. " The=20 judge then told Mr. Ismail to write the words, first in Assyrian and = then in=20 English, and the document was marked People Exhibit No. 32. Mr. Ismail = stated=20 again that when he went to the Patriarch=92s house it was not with the = intent to=20 kill him...=20

The next witness called was = Archdeacon=20 Ninos Michael, 1623 45th Avenue, San Francisco. He had at one time been = the=20 Patriarch=92s secretary, and in August, 1973, he had accompanied the = Patriarch on=20 a trip to Seattle, and they picked up the Patriarch=92s wife at the = airport. That=20 was the first time Reverend Michael learned of the Patriarch=92s = intention to=20 marry. He testified that while he was staying in a motel in Seattle and = making a=20 phone call to his wife, the Patriarch had come into his room and started = yelling=20 at him for telling Mrs. Michael about the marriage, and then insulted = him.=20 However, after Reverend Michael had assured the Patriarch that he had = not told=20 his wife of the marriage, the Patriarch calmed down. He also testified = that on=20 another occasion the Patriarch had become very angry with him, and = shouted at=20 him for talking about a private conversation, and that the Patriarch was = also=20 angry with him for giving his wife the telephone number of the motel. = Reverend=20 Michael said that he had performed the patriarch=92s marriage ceremony = because he=20 was ordered to do so by the Patriarch and had to obey him, but that he = did not=20 do it willingly...=20

At the time of the = Patriarch=92s marriage in=20 Seattle, another priest, Michael Birnie, was present, and had acted as = the best=20 man. Rev. Michael testified that he felt so terrible about the = Patriarch=92s=20 marriage, " =85 to the point I was going to resign. " After the = Patriarch had=20 published his epistle, Rev. Michael said, some of the bishops were in = agreement=20 with the Patriarch, and some were against him. When Rev. Michael was = asked by=20 Attorney Robinson what names the Patriarch had called him, he testified = that the=20 Patriarch had spoken in Assyrian, and the words were "donkey" and = "bull".=20 Attorney Pestarino then conducted a redirect examination of Rev. = Michael, and a=20 recross-examination was conducted by Attorney Robinson. Rev. Michael = said that=20 he had never corresponded with the defendant, and that he had seen Mr. = Ismail at=20 breakfast in the basement of the church in San Francisco talking with = Eshaia=92s=20 mother. Rev. Michael had seen Mr. Ismail before in Chicago, and assumed = that he=20 was visiting in San Francisco. The extent of their conversation had been = an=20 exchange of formal "helloes"...=20

To view the entire Trial Proceeding: = Click=20 Here
=20

On Sunday, November 6, Rev. Oshana Kanon of the = Mar=20 Gewargis Assyrian Church of the East in Ceres, California conducted the = Sunday=20 Mass in memory of the Late Mar Eshai Shimmun. A procession led by = Rev.=20 Kanon met at the Turlock Memorial Park where Mar Eshai Shimmun is laid = to=20 rest.

LITERATUS

TREASURES FROM THE ROYAL = TOMBS OF=20 UR

One of the world's greatest = archaeological=20 collections- royal jewelry, musical instruments, tools, and other = artifacts from=20 4,500-year-old burials in the Sumerian city-state of Ur -- are on = display from=20 October 21, 2000 through January 21, 2001, in the galleries of = University of=20 Chicago's Oriental Institute. The exhibition is sponsored by the = Pew=20 Charitable Trusts.=20

The collection includes = artifacts that have=20 become standard pieces in the study of art history, such as as the piece = known=20 as "Ram Caught in a Thicket." This particular artifact is a = statuette of a=20 goat that is fashioned from gold, silver, lapis lazuli, and other = precious=20 materials; its forelegs rest on a gold-covered tree. Another piece = is an=20 exquisite bull-headed lyre.=20

The material, which was = discovered in the=20 1920's, is touring the nation for the first time. About one-third = of the=20 157 items in the exhibition come from the tomb of Queen Puabi, who was = buried=20 with her servants. The burial party was dressed in jewelry and = apparently=20 had been celebrating an elaborate feast just prior to being buried=20 together. The Sumerian queen was laid to rest wearing an = elaborate=20 headdress of gold leaves, gold ribbons, strands of lapis lazuli and = carnelian=20 beads, a tall comb of gold, chokers, necklaces, a pair of large = crescent-shaped=20 earrings, and a cape composed of strings of semi-precious = stones.=20

The material being exhibited = dates from=20 2600 to 2500 B.C., when Sumerian culture was at its zenith. The = splendor=20 of the tomb of Puabi are comparable to those from the tomb of the = Egyptian king=20 Tutankkhamun, which was also discovered in the = 1920's.=20

Like to know more about Queen Puabi? Click = Here.=20
=20

BRAVO

PUMP UP THE=20 VOLUME

ENGLISH	MODERN=20 ASSYRIAN	GENDER
Smoke	tin/na	Masculine
Vapor	ho/ga	Masculine=20

BACK TO THE=20 FUTURE

BC (645)=20

One architectural feature which had appeared = sporadically in=20 Bet-Nahrain was the the column. There were columns of bronze or of = cedar=20 overlaid with metal, standing on cast bronze bases. In = Sennacherib=92s=20 palace these were in the shape of lions. During an invasion, as in = the=20 sack of Nineveh, such columns would burn and the metal was taken = away.=20

Assyrian Sculpture,=20 Reade=20

AD (1894)=20

Ernest de Sarzec, the French representative at Mosul, = after=20 many discoveries during his seven previous expeditions (1877-1893) = discovers=20 nearly 30,000 cuneiform tablets. The discovery was made near = Tel-Lo, eight=20 miles northeast of Shatra in Turkey.=20

Old Babylonian Temple = Records,=20 Lau=20

THIS WEEK IN=20 = HISTORY

November 13, 1956: The Assyrian Star magazine begins publishing in = New=20 York.
=20

CALENDAR OF=20 EVENTS

Nov = 19	SAN=20 FRANCISCO THANKSGIVING POTLUCK Assyrian Church of the East Mar=20 Narsai Parish 3939 Lawton Street = Come and bring your family to share the joy of=20 Thanksgiving holiday Lunch will be = served after=20 Qurbana Qadisha=20 More Info: Samira Hermes (510) = 724-5902=20 &nb= sp; =20 Marlene Antar (650) 697-7488
Nov = 19	TORONTO=20 LECTURE: RECENT = ARCHEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS IN TIKRIT & THE DISCOVERY OF SYRIAC=20 INSCRIPTIONS The Canadian Society for = Syriac=20 Studies by = Professor=20 Amir Harrak University=20 of Toronto=20 8:00 PM = Auditorium, Earth Sciences=20 Centre Room 1050, 5=20 Bancroft Avenue St.=20 George Campus
Nov = 23	SKOKIE,=20 ILLINOIS DRAMA: = "BABYLONIAN=20 SPACESHIP IN NINEVEH" Written by: Amira Bet-Shmoel Edited by: Ewan Gewargis Directed by:=20 Nazar Amadin=20 The=20 North Shore Center for The Performing Arts 9501 Skokie Blvd. (773) = 262-0500=20 2 shows at 4:00 and 8:00 PM Tickets: $15
Dec = 31	SANTA CLARA,=20 CALIFORNIA WALTER AZIZ = NEW YEAR'S=20 EVE PARTY Presented by Worldance Entertainment: = Walter Aziz & his Middle Eastern / Latin = dancers=20 Assyrian, Arabic, & Salsa Raffle Prize: Hawaiian Vacation for 2 courtesy of=20 PoinTravel.com Marriott Hotel in Santa=20 Clara 2700 Mission College Blvd = Tickets: $ 95.00 in San Jose: = Etminan (408)=20 226-5992 in San Mateo: Worldance (650) 571-8538 in = San=20 Francisco: Oasis Travel (415) 664-8400 in Modesto: = Soro=20 Enterprises (209) 551-1800 For more = information contact=20 worldance2000@aol.com .
Until =20 Jan = 21	CHICAGO=20 TREASURES FROM THE ROYAL TOMBS OF=20 UR The Oriental Institute University of Chicago 1155 = East 58th=20 Street=20 Tue, Thu, Fri, Sat, & Sun = 10AM-5:30PM=20 Wed 10AM-8:30PM Closed=20 Mondays=20 General Info: 773-702-9514 = Tours: 773-702-9507=20 Admission is free, but the Institute suggests a = donation=20 of $5 for adults and $2 for children under 12 to view the Ur=20 exhibition.
Jul = 2-6=20 = 2001	FINLAND=20 XLVIIe RENCONTRE ASSYRIOLOGIQUE=20 INTERNATIONALE International Congress of Assyriology and Near = Eastern=20 Archaeology "Sex and Gender in = the Ancient=20 Near East" University of = Helsinki=20 Registration Form: click=20 here

Thank=20 You!

Prof. Gabriele Yonan (Germany)=20

SHARE YOUR INFORMATION WITH = READERS IN 50=20 COUNTRIES BY INCLUDING ZINDA MAGAZINE IN YOUR COMMUNITY OR = ORGANIZATION'S=20 MAILING LIST.
SEE OUR=20 MAILING ADDRESS BELOW.

ZINDA Magazine is published = every=20 Tuesday. Views expressed in ZINDA do not necessarily represent = those of=20 the ZINDA editors, or any of our associated staff. This = publication=20 reserves the right, at its sole discretion, not to publish comments or = articles=20 previously printed in or submitted to other journals. ZINDA reserves the = right=20 to publish and republish your submission in any form or medium. All = letters and=20 messages require the name(s) of sender and/or author. All messages = published in the SURFS UP! section must be in 500 words or less and bear = the=20 name of the author(s). Distribution of material featured in ZINDA is not = restricted, but permission from ZINDA is required. This service is = meant=20 for the exchange of information, analyses and news. To subscribe, send = e-mail=20 to: z_info@zindamagazine.com.=20

Zinda Magazine
P.O. Box 20278   San Jose, = California  =20 95160   U.S.A.
Voice:      (408) = 918-9200=20
   = Fax:      (408)=20 918-9201

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